त्वरित लिंक्स
English Language
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In the context of psycholinguistic theories of language acquisition, analyze the fundamental theoretical divergence between Noam Chomsky's nativist hypothesis and Stephen Krashen's monitor model. Consider the following propositions regarding their pedagogical and cognitive frameworks:I. Chomsky posits the existence of an innate, biologically preprogrammed Language Acquisition Device (LAD) containing universal grammar principles, arguing that primary linguistic input serves merely as a trigger rather than a causal learning mechanism.II. Krashen's Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis asserts that conscious 'learning' (explicit study of grammar rules) can easily and seamlessly transform into unconscious 'acquisition' through sufficient iterative practice and mechanical drills.III. Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis suggests that emotional variables such as high anxiety, low self-confidence, and defensiveness can mentally block or impede the passage of comprehensible input into the language acquisition processing system.IV. While Chomsky focuses on the rule-governed, creative competence of native language generation through universal mental structures, Krashen focuses on second language acquisition, maintaining that subconscious acquisition is solely responsible for fluent, spontaneous speech production.Identify the option that correctly evaluates the validity of propositions I, II, III, and IV.
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Detailed Explanation
Proposition II is incorrect because Stephen Krashen's Non-Interface Hypothesis explicitly maintains that conscious learning and subconscious acquisition are two entirely separate systems, and learned knowledge can never convert into acquired knowledge. Propositions I, III, and IV accurately reflect established linguistic theory regarding Noam Chomsky's Wikipedia Reference and Krashen's Monitor Model.
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