त्वरित लिंक्स
English Language
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In advanced English morphosyntax and voice diathesis, the conversion of active constructions to passive voice requires meticulous adherence to structural constraints, particularly when dealing with ditransitive verbs, phrasal verbs, and complex complementation. Consider the following complex propositions regarding active-passive transformations:I. When converting a ditransitive active sentence with two objects (e.g., *'The committee awarded the researcher a prestigious fellowship'*), promoting the direct object (*'a prestigious fellowship'*) as the new subject requires retaining the indirect object preceded by the preposition 'to' (*'A prestigious fellowship was awarded to the researcher by the committee'*) as standard syntactic practice.II. Intransitive verbs that express bodily posture, stance, or motion combined with locative prepositional complements (e.g., *'The weary traveler slept on the cold stone floor'*) can readily undergo subject-promotion passivization in standard English without altering their argument structure (*'The cold stone floor was slept on by the weary traveler'*) due to prepositional incorporation.III. When an active sentence contains a complex object complement following a factitive verb (e.g., *'The board elected Dr. Henderson chairperson'*, where *'chairperson'* is a noun phrase object complement), the passive transformation must promote the object complement to the subject position, resulting in *'Chairperson was elected Dr. Henderson by the board'*.허IV. Phrasal verbs comprising a lexical verb and an inseparable or fixed preposition/adverb particle must retain their particle intact immediately adjacent to the verb in the passive transform to preserve the idiomatic semantic unity (e.g., *'The management looked into the financial discrepancies'* becomes *'The financial discrepancies were looked into by the management'*).Identify the option that correctly evaluates the syntactic and grammatical validity of propositions I, II, III, and IV.
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Detailed Explanation
To determine the correct evaluation, let us analyze each proposition individually: Proposition I is correct because in ditransitive sentences, promoting the direct object requires retaining the indirect object with the preposition 'to' or 'for'. Proposition II is correct because certain prepositional verbs allow prepositional passivization where the object of the preposition becomes the passive subject. Proposition III is incorrect because in a factitive construction like *'The board elected Dr. Henderson chairperson'*, the direct object (*'Dr. Henderson'*) must become the passive subject (*'Dr. Henderson was elected chairperson by the board'*), not the object complement. Proposition IV is correct because phrasal verbs retain their particles in passive structures to preserve idiomatic meaning. For further linguistic details on voice structures, consult the Wikipedia Reference on English passive voice.
Related Questions
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I. Graded readers and authentic materials function as essential printed TLMs that must be carefully sequenced according to the learner's current linguistic proficiency and cognitive load, providing comprehensible input that scaffolds learners from mechanical decoding to autonomous global comprehension.
II. Remedial teaching is solely a punitive administrative mechanism reserved for chronically underperforming students at the end of an academic term, completely divorced from continuous formative diagnostic assessment and ongoing classroom error analysis.
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