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English Language
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During an advanced communicative English session, a teacher engages learners in a role-play activity where they must express condolences, congratulate peers on achievements, offer apologies, and manage social bonds. According to Roman Jakobson's model of language functions and modern sociolinguistics, which specific function of language is predominantly being utilized in this scenario?

Detailed Explanation

The correct answer is (c). In sociolinguistics and language pedagogy, the phatic function of language serves to establish, prolong, or discontinue communication, or simply to maintain social relationships and human rapport (e.g., greetings, small talk, expressing condolences) rather than to convey critical information. Understanding these communicative functions is essential for assessing speaking and listening skills in second-language acquisition.
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